Journals

School based health education creates a positive and conducive learning environment that engages students in learning skills for longevity and healthy living. In the older days, people were teaching health education informally through the use of myths and superstitions beliefs. For instance, it is forbidden for people, to collect rain water directly from the roofing sheets with their palms. The belief in this regard is that one's hands will start shaking without any iota of remedy. Through these myths and superstitious belief, people learnt healthy living practices and morals which were passed from one generation to another. The need for the entire citizen to learn about hygiene and healthy living practices led to the introduction of health education in primary, post primary and higher institution of learning. Then, health education curriculum in primary and post primary school was comprehensive and the topics there in were sequentially arranged. The subject was taught as a separate subject and the rationale behind it was to propagate good healthy practices among learners. Lately in the 19th century, curriculum modification led to the removal of health education as a core subject, sequence to this, it is now taught as integrated subject without enough hands and time allocation. At present, majority of pupils have little knowledge as regards to health and this constitutes majority to outbreak of diseases which often demand for huge capital resources to keep them alive. 

Societies all over the world have used education as an instrument for the achievement of their national interests and objectives. Britain and America are foremost examples of places where education is an instrument for effective national development and fosters the worth and development of the individuals first, and then the general development in the society. In these exemplary settings, English is the language of education and a major means of global communication. This study makes a case for English- the official language in Nigeria. Presently, the literate speakers of English language in Nigeria constitute its majority from those who 'schooled' in the good old days. The teeming youth population is currently battling a dwindling trend in their performance in public examinations which are conducted annually. The consistent report of mass failure and low performance in these examinations, confirm the situation altogether. The emergent reality needs urgent attention. This paper investigates the teaching and learning of English and makes suggestions that ensure national development of the English Language in this democratic era. Using the Hymes (1994) framework, the study suggests an enrichment in English teaching and learning through due emphasis of the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing to meet the language needs ofa democratic era. Findings show the means through which specific areas of English teaching and learning need to be harnessed to create a positive awareness in the individual and society towards national commitment and mass mobilization for developmental tasks. The study recommends a review of the methods of teaching and learning English and emphasizes a strategic trend of meeting democratic needs through adequate training in communicative needs. 

The Poor performance of students in English Language in our secondary schools has been traced to their poor reading and comprehension. This could be attributed to non - provision of children's needs. Many parents do not buy textbooks for their children to practice what they have been taught at home. Uncaring attitude of students to their learning of English Language as a second language also contributes to their poor performance students do not stay in the classrooms for many periods. Also government's promises to provide textbooks to students are not always fulfilled. Large number of students in the classroom is another problem of poor performance of students in English Language. At times, students cannot take down what they are taught under this poor condition. Insufficient numbers of qualified English language teachers in Government Schools also lead to poor performance of students in English Language. There are not enough chairs and desks in the classroom for easy learning and writing for the students and incentives are not provided for the teachers of English Language to make them committed. This paper therefore seeks to explore the mother's tongue and the performance of Junior Secondary School students in English Language from the past, 

The advent of social Media platforms and Information Communication Technology (ICT) has redefined in no small measure, the way things are being done. In the world of work environment, most works, in order to remain relevant and productive have resorted to going for refresher courses in ICT related subjects. This is because almost all professions are taking advantage of the technological explosion and social media platforms to deliver quality services. Even in the educational sector, most of the examinations that are being written are Computer Based Test (CBT), and for counsellors to remain relevant, competent, and able to meet the socio- personal, educational, and vocational needs of their clients, there is the need to embrace and to be trained in the use of the ICT, social platforms and employ other technological innovations to make their work easy and more effective. This paper therefore x-rays ICT, social media: opportunities and ethical issues and outlined some recommendations among which is that counsellors should go for short term courses so as to learn more about the ICT and the social media in order to be able to make use of it judiciously in meeting the socio-personal, vocational and educational needs of clients. 

Early childhood education is a programme introduced to the educational system for children of ages 0-5+. Over the years, there have been clamours for good health, safety and nutrition of children. Healthy and safe experiences in early childhood lays a necessary foundation for development and growth in all areas. Children are more able to fully develop socially, emotionally, cognitively and physically when their health and nutritional needs are met and when they are safe from physical and emotional harm. This paper therefore submits that health, safety and nutrition of children in order to thrive lies on early childhood professionals, working in partnership with families and communities. It proffers suggestions as to what the government, caregiver, educators and all stake holders can do to have a key opportunity and responsibility in providing environments and experiences for all young children that set them on a pathway towards lifelong health well-being.

Early childhood education has metamorphosed from ordinary provision of care for children while their parents are at work, to a provision for adequate care, education, training and development of the child. Over the years many innovations have been made in the policy, nature and curriculum of early childhood education in Nigeria. The paradigm shift from survival to development in early childhood is necessitated by the consensus that the early years are crucial and important phase for the overall development of the child throughout lifespan. Experiences during the early years have a lasting influence on the mental, social, emotional, language and physical development of the child. The quality of the environment determines the quality of experience acquired by the child. Researchers have established that good quality education and care provided for children in their early years help them to succeed at school and later in life. This article examined and explained the status of this level of education, the improvements and innovations that have been successfully implemented as well as the challenges and how they can be remedied. Therefore, it was recommended that government should be more proactive and more committed to the course of achieving quality in early childhood education and that caregivers should be well trained and professionally qualified

The purpose of this study was to establish the correlation between career information and vocational choice among secondary school students. Survey research design was adopted. Teachers, students and guidance counselors in Odeda Local Government Area of Ogun State constituted the population, 5 0 teachers, 100 students and 11 guidance counselors were randomly sampled for the study. Four research questions were formulated. Two different questionnaires were used for data collection- one for the students and the other for teachers and counsellor. All their items were closed ended. The data collected were analyzed with frequency, percentage and correlation statistics. Part of the findings showed that friends or peer group constitute the major source of information in the choice of career among students and that there is correlation between career choice and career information. It was recommended that teachers and parents should not impose career on their wards that do not match their interest and abilities and that guidance counselors should be actively involved in students' career choice.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different housing systems on the productivity indices of two species of Giant African Land Snails (GALS) fed dried Moringa oleifera leaf meal. A total of 320 growing snails with average body weight of 250g were used for the study. Housing significantly (P<0.05) affected all production traits. Housing 1 (Tl) recorded the highest final mean weight, this was followed by housing 2 (T2) while housing 3 (T3) had the least value in descending order of 3 3 9. 60 ± 0. 09g, 2 75. 53 ±1. OOg and 215±. 2 41. OOg respectively. Total mean weight, shell live weight, offal live weight and dressing percentage also followed a similar pattern as recorded in final mean weight. In terms oftotalfeed intake andfeed conversion ratio, Treatment 3 had the highest valuedfollowed by Treatment 2 while Treatment 1 recorded the least with the corresponding values of 1233.61+1.00g, 902.18+1.00g and 886.08±0.09, 5.87±1.00, 3.87±1.00, 3.87±1.00 and 3.32±0.09 respectively. Although considerable (higher) values were observed on snails in treatment 1 but it was not correct in all the traits studied. This study therefore underscores the importance ofhousing system on the productivity indices of Giant African Land Snails (GALS) in humid and sub-humid climate with the aim of furnishing farmers, researchers and other stakeholders in snail industry with needed information. 

The purpose of the study was to identify key issues affecting patterns of teacher-pupils classroom relationship infulfilment of some of the goals o fthe nation's primary education; laying a sound basis for scientific and reflective thinking; moulding the character and developing sound attitude and morals in the child; developing in the child the ability to adapt to his changing environment. To present a comprehensive picture of the quality of primary education so as to encourage the Government to prioritise expenditure on resources to improve education and to assess the impact of any interventions. Video and audio recordings of 148 lessons were analysed using systematic observation and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed the domination of transmissional forms of teaching, providing little opportunity for pupils to question or explore ideas to help regulate their own thinking. There was a prevalence of teacher explanation, recitation and rote in the classroom, with little attention paid to securing pupil understanding. The research suggests managing the quality of classroom interaction will play a central role in improving the quality of teaching and learning through more effective school-based training.

When the concepts of learning to know, learning to be and learning to belong are well understood by all the stakeholders in the education industry and the concepts are meaningfully carried out, then the reflection on the past of education can bring gains, the understanding of the present status can be worked upon in such a way that the future to be envisioned for education in Nigeria will be that which shall bring the needed reform in education, with the reform going beyond just being rhetoric in orientation and simply in the air, but become one that is concrete in action and firmly present on the ground. We now live in a knowledge and information globalized world, and the average learner has to fit meaningfully into this world in which the emphasis has shifted from how much an individual knows to how well an individual has learnt to learn. To this end, today's learner needs both a broad knowledge base and sharpened capacities for learning how to learn. The future of education lies in concrete, well planned and religiously implemented education reform-a reform which will not be in the air but firmly present on the ground. The school must take the centre stage and the education reform being proposed for the future of education must position the school as the educative school which shall deliver the advocated quality learning outcomes.